the laws of supply and demand or the questions of public or private ownership of, say, the railroads.

Actually the author ignores this question by claiming that the day-to-day social experiences of the adult are of vastly greater importance to his psychological adjustment than incidents which occurred during his infancy. In a sense this is undoubtedly true, and yet Dr. Furst goes to some length to demonstrate that the individual's motivations result from the whole sum of his experiences and the effect of the immediate, external stimulus upon them. Isn't there actually considerable justification for believing a traumatic experience in weaning might very well have a profound effect upon the individual's motivation in a given situation even thirty or forty years later?

Despite Furst's obvious political bias (he quotes generously from Frederick Engels) his major thesis that "motives, just as all other psychic phenomena, are reflections within consciousness of external reality" is certainly an advance over the mystical notions of instinctive motivation. His assertion that psychology must be rooted in theories based upon scientifically demonstrable phenomena is also a heartening one. Pavlov's experiments undoubtedly do provide a sound beginning for this new approach, and Furst cites a number of recent and startling truths brought to light as a result of carefully-controlled laboratory experiments on the higher mammals (anti-vivisectionists, please note).

Like all purveyors of fresh theories, Dr. Furst undoubtedly goes a bit too far in applying his own and disproving some of the old. He defines neurosis as a misconception of reality and (of course) demands that everyone see the same "reality" he does. Thus Horney is neurotic if one accepts Furst's "reality," even as Furst is unbalanced if one accepts Horney's! One cannot help wondering if Furst denies the existence of even a single, well-adjusted Republican!

Furst's attitude toward homosexuality is unfortunately primitive, and he lists it with such neurotic symptoms as bedwetting. He almost seems to have a blind spot on the subject, failing even to recognize the basic Freudian premise that there is no connection between the sex act and its object. Furst even tells about a chimpanzee reared in seclusion who, while capable of sexual impulses, had never learned how to release them and had to be taught. We certainly hope the unfortunate animal was instructed in the proper, heterosexual expression of his baser impulses!

But it was not our intention to seem to damn Dr. Furst's very important book a splendidly written, concise, clear and completely readable volume which, with all its limitations, is probably one of the most scientific works ever published on the subject, psychoanalysis being what it is.

D. L. F.

DEATH OF THE SCHARNHORST

Vantage Press

Arch Alfred McKillen

Poetry we can all enjoy and long after it has been read. Concise but dramatic. Here are poems "our people" will take to their hearts. Nevertheless, to this reviewer, too much of death is dwelt upon-but the compassion relieves it a little and mollifies the hard reality of it.

McKillen not only flirts with our "theme" but like a true poet he uses it in his ink.

Should be of keen interest to anyone who reads and enjoys ONE.